# Maximize the sum of logistic curves subject to linear and piecewise linear constraints.
# Approximate the logistic curves using piecewise linear functions.
#
# (C) 2020-2025 Fair Isaac Corporation

import numpy as np
import xpress as xp
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def logistic(x, K, r, c):
    return K / (1 + np.exp(-r * (x - c)))

n_curves = 10
N = range(n_curves)
U = 10  # Upper bound of the variables.

# Create a problem and add these two vectors.
p = xp.problem()

# Create two numpy vectors of variables.
x = p.addVariables(n_curves, ub=U, name='x')
y = p.addVariables(n_curves, name='y')

n_intervals = 100
# Define the breakpoints of the piecewise linear terms.
breakpoints = np.array([(U / n_intervals) * i for i in range(n_intervals + 1)])

# Compute the function values at breakpoints.
y_vals = [logistic(breakpoints, U, np.random.uniform(0.5, 3), U / 2) for _ in N]

# Enable to visualize curves.
for i in N:
    plt.plot(breakpoints, y_vals[i])

y_vals = np.array(y_vals).flatten().tolist()
x_vals = np.array([])
for i in N:
    x_vals = np.concatenate((x_vals, breakpoints))
x_vals = x_vals.tolist()

# Set the starting indices for the flattened piecewise linear function definitions.
start = [i * (n_intervals + 1) for i in N]

# Add piecewise linear functions.
p.addPwlCons(x, y, start, x_vals, y_vals)

# Add a constraint that limits the weighted sum of x variables.
w = np.random.randint(1, 10, n_curves)
p.addConstraint(xp.Dot(w, x) <= 10)

# Maximize the sum of logistic functions.
p.setObjective(xp.Dot(np.ones(n_curves), y), sense=xp.maximize)

p.writeProb('test_logistic.mps')

p.optimize()