// (c) 2023-2025 Fair Isaac Corporation
import static com.dashoptimization.objects.Utils.sum;
//These imports are only for the parser.
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
import com.dashoptimization.XPRSenumerations;
import com.dashoptimization.objects.Variable;
import com.dashoptimization.objects.XpressProblem;
/**
* Purchasing problem with price breaks using PieceWise Linear constraints.
* There are three suppliers of a good, and they have quoted various prices for
* various quantities of product. We want to buy at least total cost, yet not
* buy too much from any one supplier. Each supplier offers decreasing prices
* for increased lot size, in the form of incremental discounts.
*/
public class PurchasePWL {
static final String DATAFILE = System.getenv().getOrDefault("EXAMPLE_DATA_DIR", "../../data") + "/purchase.cdat";
static final int NB = 4; /* Number of breakpoints */
static double REQ; /* Total quantity required */
static int[] SUPPLIERS; /* Suppliers */
static double[] MAXPERC; /* Maximum percentages for each supplier */
static double[][] COST; /* Unit cost */
static double[][] BREAKP; /* Breakpoints (quantities at which unit cost changes) */
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
readData(); // Read data from file
try (XpressProblem prob = new XpressProblem()) {
// Create the decision variables
// Quantity to purchase from supplier s
Variable[] buy = prob.addVariables(SUPPLIERS.length).withUB(i -> (double) MAXPERC[i] * REQ / 100.0)
.withName("buy %d").toArray();
// Cost incurred from supplier s
Variable[] cost = prob.addVariables(SUPPLIERS.length).withName("cost %d").toArray();
// The minimum quantity that must be bought
prob.addConstraint(sum(buy).geq(REQ));
// Function to calculate cost at breakpoints
double[][] COSTBREAK = new double[SUPPLIERS.length][NB];
for (int s = 0; s < SUPPLIERS.length; s++) {
COSTBREAK[s][0] = 0;
for (int b = 1; b < NB; b++)
COSTBREAK[s][b] = COSTBREAK[s][b - 1] + COST[s][b] * (BREAKP[s][b] - BREAKP[s][b - 1]);
}
// Define relation between bought quantities and price paid per supplier
for (int s = 0; s < SUPPLIERS.length; s++) {
prob.addConstraint(cost[s].pwlOf(buy[s], BREAKP[s], COSTBREAK[s]));
}
// Objective: sum of costs
prob.setObjective(sum(cost));
// Solve the problem
prob.mipOptimize("");
System.out.println("Problem status: " + prob.attributes().getMIPStatus());
if (prob.attributes().getMIPStatus() != XPRSenumerations.MIPStatus.SOLUTION
&& prob.attributes().getMIPStatus() != XPRSenumerations.MIPStatus.OPTIMAL)
throw new RuntimeException("optimization failed with status " + prob.attributes().getMIPStatus());
// Solution printing
System.out.println("Total cost: " + prob.attributes().getObjVal());
double[] sol = prob.getSolution();
for (int s = 0; s < SUPPLIERS.length; s++)
System.out.println(
"Supp. " + SUPPLIERS[s] + ": buy:" + buy[s].getValue(sol) + ": cost:" + cost[s].getValue(sol));
}
}
/**
* Read a list of strings. Iterates <code>tokens</code> until a semicolon is
* encountered or the iterator ends.
*
* @param tokens The token sequence to read.
* @return A stream of all tokens before the first semicolon.
*/
private static <T> Stream<String> readStrings(Iterator<String> tokens) {
ArrayList<String> result = new ArrayList<String>();
while (tokens.hasNext()) {
String token = tokens.next();
if (token.equals(";"))
break;
result.add(token);
}
return result.stream();
}
/**
* Read a table of doubles. Allocates a <code>nrow</code> by <code>ncol</code>
* double table and fills it by the sparse data from the token sequence.
* <code>tokens</code> is assumed to hold <code>nrow</code> sequences of
* indices, each of which is terminated by a semicolon. The indices in those
* vectors specify the <code>true</code> entries in the corresponding row of the
* table.
*
* @param tokens Token sequence.
* @param nrow Number of rows in the table.
* @param ncol Number of columns in the table.
* @return The double table.
*/
private static double[][] readTable(Iterator<String> tokens, int nrow, int ncol) throws IOException {
double[][] tbl = new double[nrow][ncol];
for (int r = 0; r < nrow; r++) {
tbl[r] = readStrings(tokens).mapToDouble(Double::valueOf).toArray();
}
return tbl;
}
private static void readData() throws IOException {
// Convert the input file into a sequence of tokens that are
// separated by whitespace.
Iterator<String> tokens = Files.lines(new File(DATAFILE).toPath()).map(s -> Arrays.stream(s.split("\\s+")))
.flatMap(s -> s)
// Split semicolon off its token.
.map(s -> (s.length() > 0 && s.endsWith(";")) ? Stream.of(s.substring(0, s.length() - 1), ";")
: Stream.of(s))
.flatMap(s -> s)
// Remove empty tokens.
.filter(s -> s.length() > 0).iterator();
while (tokens.hasNext()) {
String token = tokens.next();
if (token.equals("SUPPLIERS:"))
SUPPLIERS = readStrings(tokens).mapToInt(Integer::valueOf).toArray();
else if (token.equals("MAXPERC:"))
MAXPERC = readStrings(tokens).mapToDouble(Double::valueOf).toArray();
else if (token.equals("REQ:"))
REQ = Double.valueOf(tokens.next());
else if (token.equals("BREAKP:")) {
BREAKP = readTable(tokens, SUPPLIERS.length, NB);
} else if (token.equals("COST:"))
COST = readTable(tokens, SUPPLIERS.length, NB);
}
}
}
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// (c) 2023-2025 Fair Isaac Corporation
import static com.dashoptimization.objects.SOS.sos2;
import static com.dashoptimization.objects.Utils.scalarProduct;
import static com.dashoptimization.objects.Utils.sum;
//These imports are only for the parser.
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
import com.dashoptimization.XPRSenumerations;
import com.dashoptimization.objects.Variable;
import com.dashoptimization.objects.XpressProblem;
/**
* Purchasing problem with price breaks using Special Ordered Set (SOS) type 2
* constraints. There are three suppliers of a good, and they have quoted
* various prices for various quantities of product. We want to buy at least
* total cost, yet not buy too much from any one supplier. Each supplier offers
* decreasing prices for increased lot size, in the form of incremental
* discounts.
*/
public class PurchaseSOS2 {
static final String DATAFILE = System.getenv().getOrDefault("EXAMPLE_DATA_DIR", "../../data") + "/purchase.cdat";
static final int NB = 4; /* Number of breakpoints */
static double REQ; /* Total quantity required */
static int[] SUPPLIERS; /* Suppliers */
static double[] MAXPERC; /* Maximum percentages for each supplier */
static double[][] COST; /* Unit cost */
static double[][] BREAKP; /* Breakpoints (quantities at which unit cost changes) */
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
readData(); // Read data from file
try (XpressProblem prob = new XpressProblem()) {
// Create the decision variables
// Quantity to purchase from supplier s
Variable[] buy = prob.addVariables(SUPPLIERS.length).withUB(i -> (double) MAXPERC[i] * REQ / 100.0)
.withName("buy %d").toArray();
// Weights at breakpoint k for supplier s
Variable[][] weight = prob.addVariables(SUPPLIERS.length, NB)
.withName((s, b) -> String.format("weight[%s,%s]", s, b)).toArray();
// The minimum quantity that must be bought
prob.addConstraint(sum(buy).geq(REQ));
// Define relation between bought quantities and price paid per supplier
for (int s = 0; s < SUPPLIERS.length; s++) {
// The convexity row (weight sum to 1)
prob.addConstraint(sum(weight[s]).eq(1));
// Define buy and also order the weight variables by breakpoint quantities
prob.addConstraint(scalarProduct(weight[s], BREAKP[s]).eq(buy[s]));
// Define the weight as SOS-2
prob.addConstraint(sos2(weight[s], BREAKP[s], String.format("SOS 2 Constraint no. %s", s)));
}
// Function to calculate cost at breakpoints
double[][] COSTBREAK = new double[SUPPLIERS.length][NB];
for (int s = 0; s < SUPPLIERS.length; s++) {
COSTBREAK[s][0] = 0;
for (int b = 1; b < NB; b++)
COSTBREAK[s][b] = COSTBREAK[s][b - 1] + COST[s][b] * (BREAKP[s][b] - BREAKP[s][b - 1]);
}
// Objective: sum of costs*weights
prob.setObjective(sum(NB, b -> sum(SUPPLIERS.length, s -> weight[s][b].mul(COSTBREAK[s][b]))));
// Solve the problem
prob.mipOptimize("");
System.out.println("Problem status: " + prob.attributes().getMIPStatus());
if (prob.attributes().getMIPStatus() != XPRSenumerations.MIPStatus.SOLUTION
&& prob.attributes().getMIPStatus() != XPRSenumerations.MIPStatus.OPTIMAL)
throw new RuntimeException("optimization failed with status " + prob.attributes().getMIPStatus());
// Solution printing
System.out.println("Total cost: " + prob.attributes().getObjVal());
double[] sol = prob.getSolution();
for (int s = 0; s < SUPPLIERS.length; s++)
System.out.println("Supp. " + SUPPLIERS[s] + ": buy:" + buy[s].getValue(sol));
}
}
/**
* Read a list of strings. Iterates <code>tokens</code> until a semicolon is
* encountered or the iterator ends.
*
* @param tokens The token sequence to read.
* @return A stream of all tokens before the first semicolon.
*/
private static <T> Stream<String> readStrings(Iterator<String> tokens) {
ArrayList<String> result = new ArrayList<String>();
while (tokens.hasNext()) {
String token = tokens.next();
if (token.equals(";"))
break;
result.add(token);
}
return result.stream();
}
/**
* Read a table of doubles. Allocates a <code>nrow</code> by <code>ncol</code>
* double table and fills it by the sparse data from the token sequence.
* <code>tokens</code> is assumed to hold <code>nrow</code> sequences of
* indices, each of which is terminated by a semicolon. The indices in those
* vectors specify the <code>true</code> entries in the corresponding row of the
* table.
*
* @param tokens Token sequence.
* @param nrow Number of rows in the table.
* @param ncol Number of columns in the table.
* @return The double table.
*/
private static double[][] readTable(Iterator<String> tokens, int nrow, int ncol) throws IOException {
double[][] tbl = new double[nrow][ncol];
for (int r = 0; r < nrow; r++) {
tbl[r] = readStrings(tokens).mapToDouble(Double::valueOf).toArray();
}
return tbl;
}
private static void readData() throws IOException {
// Convert the input file into a sequence of tokens that are
// separated by whitespace.
Iterator<String> tokens = Files.lines(new File(DATAFILE).toPath()).map(s -> Arrays.stream(s.split("\\s+")))
.flatMap(s -> s)
// Split semicolon off its token.
.map(s -> (s.length() > 0 && s.endsWith(";")) ? Stream.of(s.substring(0, s.length() - 1), ";")
: Stream.of(s))
.flatMap(s -> s)
// Remove empty tokens.
.filter(s -> s.length() > 0).iterator();
while (tokens.hasNext()) {
String token = tokens.next();
if (token.equals("SUPPLIERS:"))
SUPPLIERS = readStrings(tokens).mapToInt(Integer::valueOf).toArray();
else if (token.equals("MAXPERC:"))
MAXPERC = readStrings(tokens).mapToDouble(Double::valueOf).toArray();
else if (token.equals("REQ:"))
REQ = Double.valueOf(tokens.next());
else if (token.equals("BREAKP:")) {
BREAKP = readTable(tokens, SUPPLIERS.length, NB);
} else if (token.equals("COST:"))
COST = readTable(tokens, SUPPLIERS.length, NB);
}
}
}
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